What are salient features of nuclear forces?

How are elementary particles classified on the basis of their participation in fundamental interaction?

What are the limitations of shell model?

What are the magic numbers in nuclei? List the experimental evidences indicating their existence.

Explain why stable light nuclei have equal number of protons and neutrons whereas heavy nuclei have excess of neutron.

Explain how the nuclear spin I depends on the mass number A and atomic number Z of atoms.

What is the role of neutrino in the weak interaction of radioactive nuclides? Explain the experimental detection of neutrino.

In the following reactions indicate with an explanation, whether they proceed by strong, electromagnetic or weak interaction or they are forbidden:

(i) \pi^+ \longrightarrow \mu^+ + \nu

(ii) p \longrightarrow n + e^+ + \nu_e

(iii) p + \pi^- \longrightarrow K^+ + \Sigma^-

Explain parity violation in \beta-decay. Describe how parity violation was experimentally detected in the decay of {}^{60}\mathrm{Co}. Mention any other decay process in which the parity violation has been demonstrated.

Write down the nucleonic configuration of {}^{7}\mathrm{Li}, {}^{12}\mathrm{C}, {}^{17}\mathrm{O} and {}^{27}\mathrm{Al} in the ground state of the nuclear shell model and hence calculate the corresponding ground state angular momenta and parities. How do the observed ground state angular momenta and parities agree with those predicted on the basis of shell model?

Determine from the given data whether the following reactions are exothermic or endothermic:

(i) ^{1}_{1}\mathrm{H}+{}^{3}_{1}\mathrm{H}\rightarrow{}^{2}_{1}\mathrm{H}+{}^{2}_{1}\mathrm{H}

(ii) ^{12}_{6}\mathrm{C}+{}^{12}_{6}\mathrm{C}\rightarrow{}^{20}_{10}\mathrm{Ne}+{}^{4}_{2}\mathrm{He}

Which of the following reactions are permitted or forbidden by various conservation laws?

(i) k^{\mp}p \longrightarrow \Lambda^0 + \pi^0

(ii) k^+ + n \longrightarrow \Sigma^+ + \pi^0

(iii) \pi^{\mp}p \longrightarrow k^{\mp}\Sigma^+

(iv) \pi^+ + n \longrightarrow k^+ + \Lambda^0

(v) \pi^{\mp}p \longrightarrow \Lambda^0 + k^0

(vi) \pi^{\mp}p \longrightarrow k^+ + \Sigma^-

Write down the Bethe-Weizsäcker semiempirical mass formula for a nucleus. Explain the significance of each term occurring in it. Discuss the stability of a nucleus against \beta-decay. What is the effect of pairing term on stability?

Calculate the recoil energy of ^{57}_{26}\mathrm{Fe} nucleus when it emits a gamma photon of energy 14\,\mathrm{keV}.

What are mirror nuclei? How does the charge independence of nuclear force emerges from this concept?

Explain conservation of Baryon Number. Comment on the stability of proton.

^{235}\mathrm{U} yields two fragments of A=95 and A=140. Obtain the energy distribution of the fission products. Assume that the two fragments are ejected with equal and opposite momentum.

What are chain reactions? What do you mean by critical size of the core in which chain reactions take place? What is critical mass?

What do you mean by non-central forces?

Find the total kinetic energy of electron and antielectron neutrino emitted in beta decay of free neutron. (The neutron-proton mass difference is 1.30\,\mathrm{MeV} and mass of electron is 0.51\,\mathrm{MeV})